Gamified gait rehabilitation via real-time biofeedback and adaptive hip-exoskeleton control

Author

Mariya Huzaifa Tohfafarosh, New Jersey Institute of TechnologyFollow

Document Type

Thesis

Date of Award

5-31-2025

Degree Name

Master of Science in Biomedical Engineering - (M.S.)

Department

Biomedical Engineering

First Advisor

Xianlian Alex Zhou

Second Advisor

Sergei Adamovich

Third Advisor

Jongsang Son

Abstract

Gait impairments arise from systemic diseases, age-related degeneration, musculoskeletal dysfunctions, or neurological conditions. While traditional rehabilitation can be effective, they often face challenges such as high costs, inaccessibility, and low patient engagement. To address these challenges, my work introduces a virtual reality-based rehabilitation (VRBR) system, integrating real-time motion and electromyographic (EMG) muscle activation feedback with a gamified virtual environment for enhanced adaptability and engagement. The system includes a custom-designed hip-exoskeleton that provides adaptive spring-like assistance or resistance, supporting both mobility-impaired users and strength training. Assistance levels can be tuned to match the user's progress. Additionally, a custom pressure insole was developed to estimate ground reaction forces using machine learning, supporting future exoskeleton and game feedback integration. A preliminary evaluation with five able-bodied participants was conducted under four conditions: no exoskeleton, exoskeleton without torque, assistive, and resistive modes, while engaging with the designed game. EMG, torque, and encoder data were collected, along with System Usability Scale (SUS), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and game experience feedback. Results indicate high usability, strong engagement, and reduced peak muscle activation during assistance and increased activation during resistance. These findings support the VRBR system's potential for personalized, motivating, and adaptive gait rehabilitation.

Recommended Citation

Tohfafarosh, Mariya Huzaifa, "Gamified gait rehabilitation via real-time biofeedback and adaptive hip-exoskeleton control" (2025). Theses. 3172.
https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses/3172