COMPARISONS OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL AND CLASSICAL ADJUSTMENTS OF LOCAL AND GEODETIC NETWORKS.

Document Type

Conference Proceeding

Publication Date

12-1-1984

Abstract

'Horizontal' and 'Vertical' survey observations are made in three-dimensional (3-D) space and comprise an attempt to describe the spatial relationships between points in that area. A 3-D model consisting of geodetic coordinates only has been used to adjust four test control networks. Observations include horizontal and vertical angles and slope distances. The same data of horizontal angles and slope distances are also adjusted by a conventional method in two-dimensions. Comparisons of the results from the least squares adjustment show that, with an adequate model for the atmospheric refraction in the vertical angles, the 3-D adjustment produces better results in the horizontal positions and is also capable of producing good vertical positions.

Identifier

0021649388 (Scopus)

Publication Title

Technical Papers of the American Congress of Surveying and Mapping

ISSN

07483244

First Page

355

Last Page

362

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