Document Type

Thesis

Date of Award

6-30-1970

Degree Name

Master of Science in Chemical Engineering - (M.S.)

Department

Chemical Engineering and Chemistry

First Advisor

Edward Charles Roche, Jr.

Second Advisor

John E. McCormick

Third Advisor

Dimitrios P. Tassios

Abstract

This thesis investigates the lyophilization of pharmaceuticals in vials by conductive heat transfer. The process phase diagram and methods of determining the solution eutectic temperature are reviewed. The theoretical considerations of heat and mass transfer pertaining to this process are discussed.

Lyophilization tests of distilled water and of mannitol solutions are used to indicate the relationship between vacuum chamber total pressure and the product/vial interface temperature. Experiments with 10% lactose solutions are used to determine the effect of shelf fluid temperature, product height and chamber vacuum on product/vial interface temperature. Test on a pharmaceutical product are used to confirm the relationship of shelf fluid temperature on product/vial interface temperature and drying rate.

The graphical data is used to demonstrate a method of selecting the proper process conditions for control of the lyophilization process.

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