Observation of Hofstadter butterfly and topological edge states in reconfigurable quasi-periodic acoustic crystals
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
12-1-2019
Abstract
The emergence of a fractal energy spectrum is the quintessence of the interplay between two periodic parameters with incommensurate length scales. crystals can emulate such interplay and also exhibit a topological bulk-boundary correspondence, enabled by their nontrivial topology in virtual dimensions. Here we propose, fabricate and experimentally test a reconfigurable one-dimensional (1D) acoustic array, in which the resonant frequencies of each element can be independently fine-tuned by a piston. We map experimentally the full Hofstadter butterfly spectrum by measuring the acoustic density of states distributed over frequency while varying the long-range order of the array. Furthermore, by adiabatically changing the phason of the array, we map topologically protected fractal boundary states, which are shown to be pumped from one edge to the other. This reconfigurable crystal serves as a model for future extensions to electronics, photonics and mechanics, as well as to quasi-crystalline systems in higher dimensions.
Identifier
85071169523 (Scopus)
Publication Title
Communications Physics
External Full Text Location
https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-019-0151-7
e-ISSN
23993650
Issue
1
Volume
2
Grant
CMMI-1537294
Fund Ref
W. M. Keck Foundation
Recommended Citation
Ni, Xiang; Chen, Kai; Weiner, Matthew; Apigo, David J.; Prodan, Camelia; Alù, Andrea; Prodan, Emil; and Khanikaev, Alexander B., "Observation of Hofstadter butterfly and topological edge states in reconfigurable quasi-periodic acoustic crystals" (2019). Faculty Publications. 7175.
https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/fac_pubs/7175
