Nonlinear force propagation during granular impact

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

4-10-2015

Abstract

We experimentally study nonlinear force propagation into granular material during impact from an intruder, and we explain our observations in terms of the nonlinear grain-scale force relation. Using high-speed video and photoelastic particles, we determine the speed and spatial structure of the force response just after impact. We show that these quantities depend on a dimensionless parameter, M′=tcv0/d, where v0 is the intruder speed at impact, d is the particle diameter, and tc is the collision time for a pair of grains impacting at relative speed v0. The experiments access a large range of M′ by using particles of three different materials. When M′蠐1, force propagation is chainlike with a speed, vf, satisfying vf∞d/tc. For larger M′, the force response becomes spatially dense and the force propagation speed departs from vf∞d/tc, corresponding to collective stiffening of a strongly compressed packing of grains.

Identifier

84929590772 (Scopus)

Publication Title

Physical Review Letters

External Full Text Location

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.144502

e-ISSN

10797114

ISSN

00319007

Issue

14

Volume

114

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