Genetically Modified Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells: Application in Critical Illness

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

10-1-2020

Abstract

Critical illnesses including sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndromes, ischemic cardiovascular disorders and acute organ injuries are associated with high mortality, morbidity as well as significant health care system expenses. While these diverse conditions require different specific therapeutic approaches, mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSCs) are multipotent cells capable of self-renewal, tri-lineage differentiation with a broad range regenerative and immunomodulatory activities, making them attractive for the treatment of critical illness. The therapeutic effects of MSCs have been extensively investigated in several pre-clinical models of critical illness as well as in phase I and II clinical cell therapy trials with mixed results. Whilst these studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential for MSC therapy in critical illness, optimization for clinical use is an ongoing challenge. MSCs can be readily genetically modified by application of different techniques and tools leading to overexpress or inhibit genes related to their immunomodulatory or regenerative functions. Here we will review recent approaches designed to enhance the therapeutic potential of MSCs with an emphasis on the technology used to generate genetically modified cells, target genes, target diseases and the implication of genetically modified MSCs in cell therapy for critical illness.

Identifier

85087995390 (Scopus)

Publication Title

Stem Cell Reviews and Reports

External Full Text Location

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-020-10000-1

e-ISSN

26293277

ISSN

26293269

PubMed ID

32671645

First Page

812

Last Page

827

Issue

5

Volume

16

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