"Measurement of volume changes and associated stresses in ge electrodes" by Subhajit Rakshit, Akshay S. Pakhare et al.
 

Measurement of volume changes and associated stresses in ge electrodes due to na/na+ redox reactions

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-1-2021

Abstract

In situ electrochemical cells were assembled with an amorphous germanium (a-Ge) film as working electrode and sodium foil as reference and counter electrode. The stresses generated in a-Ge electrodes due to electrochemical reaction with sodium were measured in real-time during the galvanostatic cycling. A specially designed patterned a-Ge electrode was cycled against sodium and the corresponding volume changes were measured using an AFM; it was observed that sodiation/desodiation of a-Ge results in more than 300% volume change, consistent with literature. The potential and stress response showed that the a-Ge film undergoes irreversible changes during the first sodiation process, but the subsequent desodiation/sodiation cycles are reversible. The stress response of the film reached steady-state after the initial sodiation and is qualitatively similar to the response of Ge during lithiation, i.e., initial linear elastic response followed by extensive plastic deformation of the film to accommodate large volume changes. However, despite being bigger ion, sodiation of Ge generated lower stress levels compared to lithiation. Consequently, the mechanical dissipation losses associated with plastic deformation are lower during sodiation process than it is for lithiation.

Identifier

85099882420 (Scopus)

Publication Title

Journal of the Electrochemical Society

External Full Text Location

https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/abd5fc

e-ISSN

19457111

ISSN

00134651

Issue

1

Volume

168

Grant

58557-ND5

Fund Ref

American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund

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