Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Pathogenesis of Traumatic Brain Injury

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

11-1-2016

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Studies revealed that the pathogenesis of TBI involves upregulation of MMPs. MMPs form a large family of closely related zinc-dependent endopeptidases, which are primarily responsible for the dynamic remodulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Thus, they are involved in several normal physiological processes like growth, development, and wound healing. During pathophysiological conditions, MMPs proteolytically degrade various components of ECM and tight junction (TJ) proteins of BBB and cause BBB disruption. Impairment of BBB causes leakiness of the blood from circulation to brain parenchyma that leads to microhemorrhage and edema. Further, MMPs dysregulate various normal physiological processes like angiogenesis and neurogenesis, and also they participate in the inflammatory and apoptotic cascades by inducing or regulating the specific mediators and their receptors. In this review, we explore the roles of MMPs in various physiological/pathophysiological processes associated with neurological complications, with special emphasis on TBI.

Identifier

84946412194 (Scopus)

Publication Title

Molecular Neurobiology

External Full Text Location

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-015-9520-8

e-ISSN

15591182

ISSN

08937648

PubMed ID

26541883

First Page

6106

Last Page

6123

Issue

9

Volume

53

Grant

W81XWH-15-1-0303

Fund Ref

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism

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