Optimal construction of army ant living bridges

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

12-21-2017

Abstract

Integrating the costs and benefits of collective behaviors is a fundamental challenge to understanding the evolution of group living. These costs and benefits can rarely be quantified simultaneously due to the complexity of the interactions within the group, or even compared to each other because of the absence of common metrics between them. The construction of ‘living bridges’ by New World army ants – which they use to shorten their foraging trails – is a unique example of a collective behavior where costs and benefits have been experimentally measured and related to each other. As a result, it is possible to make quantitative predictions about when and how the behavior will be observed. In this paper, we extend a previous mathematical model of these costs and benefits to much broader domain of applicability. Specifically, we exhibit a procedure for analyzing the optimal formation, and final configuration, of army ant living bridges given a means to express the geometrical configuration of foraging path obstructions. Using this procedure, we provide experimentally testable predictions of the final bridge position, as well as the optimal formation process for certain cases, for a wide range of scenarios, which more closely resemble common terrain obstacles that ants encounter in nature. As such, our framework offers a rare benchmark for determining the evolutionary pressures governing the evolution of a naturally occurring collective animal behavior.

Identifier

85029792106 (Scopus)

Publication Title

Journal of Theoretical Biology

External Full Text Location

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.09.017

e-ISSN

10958541

ISSN

00225193

PubMed ID

28939347

First Page

184

Last Page

198

Volume

435

Grant

Incentivo/SAU/LA0002/2013

Fund Ref

James S. McDonnell Foundation

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