Residual heel volume during the pressure-driven discharge of complex fluids from consumer dispensing bottles

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

11-1-2022

Abstract

The discharge of complex fluids from consumer bottles containing liquid soaps, creams, lotions, and others, typically results in heel formation, i.e., the ultimate residual amount of fluid left the container. Here, we investigated the fluid rheology effect on heel formation in a commercial hand pump bottle containing different complex fluids and including humectants, polymer solutions, and pastes. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was used to simulate the flow of fluids whose rheology was based on the Carreau equation, resulting in the prediction of the heel volume. These results were validated using weight measurements to quantify the volume of fluid left in the container and, separately, with an imaging method based on the use of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). All these results were in good agreement. The effective yield stress σ0 at a predefined level was found to be the critical parameter to predict the heel volume.

Identifier

85138322278 (Scopus)

Publication Title

Journal of Non Newtonian Fluid Mechanics

External Full Text Location

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnnfm.2022.104917

ISSN

03770257

Volume

309

Fund Ref

Colgate-Palmolive Company

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