Effect of metal chlorides on the sintering and densification of hydroxyapatite adsorbent

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

3-16-2005

Abstract

This work is part of a series of studies dealing with the evaluation of the effects of major elements of solid waste, especially metallic oxides, nitrates, sulfates, and chlorides, on the sintering and the densification of calcium hydroxyapatite (Ca-HAP) adsorbent. The effects of chloride salts of potassium (KCl) and zinc (ZnCl2) on sintering and densification of Ca-HAP were studied using surface area reduction and shrinkage measurements. The addition of KCl (2% w/w) activated the sintering process by bringing a swift reduction in surface area and lowering the densification temperature. However, a low final densification was achieved. Increasing the amount of this additive to 10% w/w further lowered the final densification and lowered the densification temperature of hydroxyapatite by 150°C. On the other hand, the addition of 2 wt % of ZnCl2 deactivated the sintering process by slowing down the densification process and raising the densification temperature. However, the reduction of surface area was comparable to that of Ca-HAP. The densification rate contained two or more rate maxima indicating the additives (salts) bring multiple speeds in the densification process. © 2005 American Chemical Society.

Identifier

14844350280 (Scopus)

Publication Title

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research

External Full Text Location

https://doi.org/10.1021/ie0306473

ISSN

08885885

First Page

1787

Last Page

1794

Issue

6

Volume

44

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